Scutoid

English

Alternative forms

• scutoid

Etymology

From scutellum +‎ -oid; the genetic mutation results in loss of scutellar bristles. Coined in 1959 by J.D. Krivshenko.

Noun

Scutoid (uncountable)

1. An induced genetic mutation in the fly Drosophila melanogaster.
   • 1982, M. Ashburner, S. Tsubota, R. C. Woodruff, “The genetics of a small chromosome region of Drosophila melanogaster containing the structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase. IV: scutoid, an antimorphic mutation”, in Genetics‎^[1], page 401:

     Mapping close to the structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) on chromosome arm 2L of Drosophila melanogaster is the dominant mutation Scutoid (Sco).

   • 1995, Adrienne E. Dubin, Nathan L. Heald, Byrd Cleveland, John R. Carlson, Greg L. Harris, “Scutoid mutation of drosophila melanogaster specifically decreases olfactory responses to short‐chain acetate esters and ketones”, in Journal of Neurobiology, →DOI:

     Two independent lines of research led to the finding that the dominant Scutoid (Sco) mutation causes a diminshed extracellular electroantennogram response to the odorants ethyl acetate (EtAC) and acetone (AC).

2. An individual fly with the genetic mutation.
   • 1999, N. Fuse, Hitoshi Matakatsu, Misako Taniguchi, Shigeo Hayashi, “Snail-type zinc finger proteins prevent neurogenesis in Scutoid and transgenic animals of Drosophila”, in Development Genes and Evolution‎^[2]:

     Here have found that snail is ectopically expressed in the eye-antennal and wing imaginal discs in Scutoid larvae, and that this expression is reduced in Scutoid revertants.

3. The gene affected by the mutation in D. melanogaster, or analogous genes in other species.
   • 2019, Subhashree Priyadarsini, Moumita Sahoo, Swetapadma Sahu, Rasu Jayabalan, Monalisa Mishra, “An infection of Enterobacter ludwigii affects development and causes age-dependent neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster”, in Invertebrate Neuroscience, →DOI:

     A mutation in scutoid is also known to affect the orientation of mechanosensory bristles of the eye (Birkholz et al. 2009).