Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuttjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *skut (“a border, a divider”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*skuttjan

1. to shut, to close off
2. to enclose
3. to protect, to shelter

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*skuttjan
1st sg. past	*skuttā
Infinitive	*skuttjan
Genitive infin.	*skuttjannjas
Dative infin.	*skuttjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*skuttjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*skuttju	*skuttā
2nd singular	*skutisi	*skuttēs, *skuttōs
3rd singular	*skutiþi	*skuttē, *skuttā
1st plural	*skuttjum	*skuttum
2nd plural	*skutiþ	*skuttud
3rd plural	*skuttjanþ	*skuttun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*skuttjē	*skuttī
2nd singular	*skuttjēs	*skuttī
3rd singular	*skuttjē	*skuttī
1st plural	*skuttjēm	*skuttīm
2nd plural	*skuttjēþ	*skuttīd
3rd plural	*skuttjēn	*skuttīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*skuti
Plural	*skutiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*skuttjandī	*skutt

Descendants

• Old English: sċyttan
  • Middle English: shetten, shutten
    • English: shut
    • Scots: schut, schott
• Old Frisian: sketta
  • Saterland Frisian: skätte
  • West Frisian: skutte (possibly borrowed from Dutch)
• Old Saxon: *skuttian
  • Middle Low German: schütten
    • German Low German: schütten
• Old Dutch: *skutten
  • Middle Dutch: schutten
    • Dutch: schutten
• Old High German: *skuzzen, *scuzzen
  • Middle High German: schützen
    • German: schützen
  • ⇒ Old High German: firskuzzen, firscuzzen
    • Middle High German: ferschützen, verschützen
      • German: verschützen
  • ⇒ Old High German: framskuzzen, framscuzzen