Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sūmijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; perhaps from unattested *sūm, from Proto-Germanic *sūmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-mó-s, from *sewH- (“to let go”) + *-mós, +‎ *-jan. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐάω (eáō, “to let (go), allow, leave alone”).

Verb

*sūmijan

1. to let go

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*sūmijan
1st sg. past	*sūmidā
Infinitive	*sūmijan
Genitive infin.	*sūmijannjas
Dative infin.	*sūmijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*sūmijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*sūmiju	*sūmidā
2nd singular	*sūmisi	*sūmidēs, *sūmidōs
3rd singular	*sūmiþi	*sūmidē, *sūmidā
1st plural	*sūmijum	*sūmidum
2nd plural	*sūmiþ	*sūmidud
3rd plural	*sūmijanþ	*sūmidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*sūmijē	*sūmidī
2nd singular	*sūmijēs	*sūmidī
3rd singular	*sūmijē	*sūmidī
1st plural	*sūmijēm	*sūmidīm
2nd plural	*sūmijēþ	*sūmidīd
3rd plural	*sūmijēn	*sūmidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*sūmi
Plural	*sūmiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*sūmijandī	*sūmid

Derived terms

• *frasūmijan
  • Old Dutch: *farsūmen
    • Middle Dutch: versûmen
      • Dutch: verzuimen
  • Old High German: firsūmen
    • Middle High German: versûmen
      • German: versäumen

Descendants

• Old Frisian: *sūma
  • ⇒ Old Frisian: ursūma
• Old Saxon: *sūmian
  • Middle Low German: sûmen
    • German Low German:

      Low Prussian: sîme, sîeme, sîëme

      Westphalian:

      Dortmunder: soẹ̆men, saọ̆m

      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: suimen

      Sauerländisch: soimen

• Old Dutch: *sūmen
  • Middle Dutch: sûmen
    • Dutch: zuimen, suymen (obsolete)
• Old High German: sūmen
  • Middle High German: sûmen, soumen
    • German: säumen