Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kurnil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *korn (“grain”) +‎ *-il.

Noun

*kurnil m

1. (Anglo-Frisian Germanic) kernel of a nut
2. (Anglo-Frisian Germanic) grain

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*kurnil
Genitive	*kurnilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kurnil	*kurnilō, *kurnilōs
Accusative	*kurnil	*kurnilā
Genitive	*kurnilas	*kurnilō
Dative	*kurnilē	*kurnilum
Instrumental	*kurnilu	*kurnilum

Descendants

• Old English: cyrnel, cyrnl, cirnel
  • Middle English: kernel, cernel, curnel, kernell, kirnel, karnel, kurnel, kurnele, kyrnel, kyrnell, cornel
    • English: kernel
      • → Japanese: カーネル (kāneru)
    • Scots: kirnel; churnel
• Old Frisian: kernel
  • Saterland Frisian: Koarel
• Old Saxon: *kurnil
  • Middle Low German: kornelle
    • German Low German: Körrel
• Old Dutch: *kurnil
  • Middle Dutch: carnel, kernel, carneel, kerneel
    • Dutch: kernel (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Middle Dutch: carnelekijn, carnellekijn