Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/keul

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *keulaz.

Noun

*keul m

1. keel
2. ship

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*keul
Genitive	*keulas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*keul	*keulō, *keulōs
Accusative	*keul	*keulā
Genitive	*keulas	*keulō
Dative	*keulē	*keulum
Instrumental	*keulu	*keulum

Descendants

• Old English: ċēol
  • >? Middle English: chiel, kele, keel (“small shipping vessel, lighter”) (possibly borrowed from Middle Dutch; displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
• Old Frisian: *kiāl, *tziāl
  • West Frisian: tjalk, tsjalk
    • → Dutch: tjalk
• Old Saxon: kiol
  • Middle Low German: kêl, kîl
    • German Low German: Kiel (displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
• Old Dutch: *kiol
  • Middle Dutch: kiel
    • Dutch: kiel (displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
• Old High German: kiol, chiol
  • Middle High German: kiel
    • German: Kiel (obsolete, displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)