Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harwijan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *haru (“bitter”) + *-jan.
Verb
[edit]Inflection
[edit]| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *harwijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *harwidā | |
| Infinitive | *harwijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *harwijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *harwijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *harwijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *harwiju | *harwidā |
| 2nd singular | *harwisi | *harwidēs, *harwidōs |
| 3rd singular | *harwiþi | *harwidē, *harwidā |
| 1st plural | *harwijum | *harwidum |
| 2nd plural | *harwiþ | *harwidud |
| 3rd plural | *harwijanþ | *harwidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *harwijē | *harwidī |
| 2nd singular | *harwijēs | *harwidī |
| 3rd singular | *harwijē | *harwidī |
| 1st plural | *harwijēm | *harwidīm |
| 2nd plural | *harwijēþ | *harwidīd |
| 3rd plural | *harwijēn | *harwidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *harwi | |
| Plural | *harwiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *harwijandī | *harwid |
Descendants
[edit]- Old English: hierwan, herwan, hyrwan
- Old Saxon: *herwian
- Middle Low German: herwen
- Old High German: *herwen
- Middle High German: herwen
References
[edit]- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*harwa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213: “*harwjan-”
- ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2020) “haar”, in Digitale Etymologieën: Toevoegingen bij het Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands[2], page 40