Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/biwarōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *bi- +‎ *warōn.

Verb

*biwarōn

1. to watch over, guard, protect

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*biwarōn
1st sg. past	*biwarōdā
Infinitive	*biwarōn
Genitive infin.	*biwarōnijas
Dative infin.	*biwarōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*biwarōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*biwarō	*biwarōdā
2nd singular	*biwarōs	*biwarōdēs, *biwarōdōs
3rd singular	*biwarōþ	*biwarōdē, *biwarōdā
1st plural	*biwarōm	*biwarōdum
2nd plural	*biwarōþ	*biwarōdud
3rd plural	*biwarōnþ	*biwarōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*biwarō	*biwarōdī
2nd singular	*biwarōs	*biwarōdī
3rd singular	*biwarō	*biwarōdī
1st plural	*biwarōm	*biwarōdīm
2nd plural	*biwarōþ	*biwarōdīd
3rd plural	*biwarōn	*biwarōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*biwarō
Plural	*biwarōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*biwarōndī	*biwarōd

Descendants

• Old English: bewarian
  • Middle English: bewar (influenced by periphrastic constructions)
    • English: beware (partially)
    • Scots: bewar, beware (partially)
• Old Frisian: biwaria
  • Saterland Frisian: biwoarje
  • West Frisian: bewearje
• Old Saxon: *biwarōn
  • Middle Low German: bewāren
    • German Low German: bewahren
• Old Dutch: biwaron
  • Middle Dutch: bewaren
    • Dutch: bewaren
• Old High German: biwarōn
  • Middle High German: bewaren, bewarn
    • German: bewahren