Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bijakaʀjō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *bijakaʀ (“beehive”) +‎ *-jō, or *bijā (“bee”) +‎ *kaʀjō (“vessel-maker, potter”).

Noun

*bijakaʀjō m

1. one who tends a beehive; beekeeper

   Synonym: *imbjakaʀjō

Inflection

Masculine an-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*bijakaʀjō
Genitive	*bijakaʀjini, *bijakaʀjan
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*bijakaʀjō	*bijakaʀjan
Accusative	*bijakaʀjan	*bijakaʀjan
Genitive	*bijakaʀjini, *bijakaʀjan	*bijakaʀjanō
Dative	*bijakaʀjini, *bijakaʀjan	*bijakaʀjum
Instrumental	*bijakaʀjini, *bijakaʀjan	*bijakaʀjum

Alternative reconstructions

• *bijakārī (rebuilt under the influence of *-ārī)

Synonyms

• *imbjakaʀjō

Descendants

• Old English: bēocere
• Old Saxon: *bīkerio
  • Middle Low German: *bîkere, *bîker
    • German Low German: Bieker
    • Dutch Low Saxon: bijker
    • → West Frisian: bijker, byker
• Old Dutch: *bīkero
  • Middle Dutch: *bîkere, *bîker
    • Dutch: bijker (dialectal, possibly borrowed from Low German)
• → Medieval Latin: bigarus, bigrus (noun) (possibly borrowed from Old English)
  • ⇒ Medieval Latin: bigarius (adjective)
    • ⇒ Old French: bigre
      • Middle French: bigre
        • French: bigre

Further reading

• Lloyd, Albert L., Lühr, Rosemarie (2014) “kar”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen (in German), volume V: iba-luzzilo, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, pages 399-400: “ae. -cere (in beocere ‚Imker‘), got. kasja m. ‚löpfer‘ < urgerm. *kasi̯an-”
• Piirainen, Elisabeth, Elling, Wilhelm, editors (1992), “bîker”, in Wörterbuch der westmünsterländischen Mundart (Beiträge des Heimatvereins Vreden zur Landes- und Volkskunde; 40) (in German), Vreden: Heimatverein Vreden im Selbstverlag, →ISBN, page 31: “ags. beôcere. Gl. belg. biecaer of een biestoc. alveare G. byencare. alveola, alveare, alvearium T. alts. bikar, alvear. Gl. Arg. kar, gefäss.”