Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beust

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; presumably related *beustr, *breustr (whence Old High German biastr (“beestings”)), suggested to be dissimilated from Proto-Germanic *breustaz^[1] (whence Icelandic ábrystir pl (“dish made from beestings”)), and possibly either derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell”), or further connected to Proto-Iranian *frušáh (“beestings”)^[2], both perhaps borrowed from a substrate language^[3].

Noun

*beust m^[2]

beestings

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*beust
Genitive	*beustas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*beust	beustō, beustōs
Accusative	*beust	*beustā
Genitive	*beustas	*beustō
Dative	*beustē	*beustum
Instrumental	*beustu	*beustum

Related terms

*breustr, *beustr
- Old High German: biastr, *briastr
  - Palatine German: Briester
  - Alemannic German: Bieschter, Briescht

Derived terms

*beustameluk

Descendants

Old English: bēost
- ⇒ Old English: bȳsting
  - English: beestings
Old Frisian: *biāst
- North Frisian: bjārst, bjüst
- Saterland Frisian: biaost
- West Frisian: bjist
Old Saxon: biost
- Middle Low German: bêst
  - German Low German:
    Low Prussian: Bîst, Biest, Bêst
    
    Sauerländisch: Baist, Bauest (Niedersfeld)
  - → Danish: bjæst
Old Dutch: *biest
- Middle Dutch: biest
  - Dutch: biest
    - Afrikaans: bies
Old High German: biost
- Middle High German: biest
  - German: Biest

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*beusta-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Biest¹”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 84: “wg. *beusta-”
^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “biest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*beusta-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62

[EWddS-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Biest¹”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 84: “wg. *beusta-”

[3] Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “biest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

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