Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/anafalt

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

*anafaltī n

Etymology

Uncertain; possible calque of Latin incūs (“anvil”),^[1] from *ana- (“on, onto”) +‎ *falt (“beaten”). Alternatively related to *bolt (“bolt”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeld- (“to knock, strike”),^[2] or perhaps to *aflaz (“hearth, fireplace; forge”).

Noun

*anafalt n^[3]

anvil

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*anafalt
Genitive	*anafaltas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*anafalt	*anafaltu
Accusative	*anafalt	*anafaltu
Genitive	*anafaltas	*anafaltō
Dative	*anafaltē	*anafaltum
Instrumental	*anafaltu	*anafaltum

Descendants

Old English: anfealt, anfilte, onfilti
- Middle English: anvelt, andefeld, anefeld, anevelte, anfeeld, anfelde, anvyll, anvyld, anvylt, unfelde
  - English: anvil
Old Saxon: anfelt, anafelti
- Middle Low German: anvelt
  - Low German: Anefilt, Anfilts, Ambolt
  - Plautdietsch: Aumbolt
Old Dutch: *anafelt
- Middle Dutch: anevilt, aenbilt
  - Dutch: aanbeeld, aambeeld
    - Afrikaans: aambeeld
  - Limburgish: aveltj
Old High German: anafalz
- Middle High German: anafalz, anavalz

References

^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Amboß”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*bultōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 84
^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 265: “PWGmc *anafalt”

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Amboß”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*bultōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 84

[3] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 265: “PWGmc *anafalt”

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