Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tüpkür-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *tüp- +‎ *-kür. The root either further related with Proto-Tungusic *tupi- (“to spit”) (whence also Nanai топин- (topin-)) (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?), or a widespread onotamopoetic.

Verb

*tüpkür-

1. (Common Turkic, intransitive) to spit

   Synonym: *sud-

Derived terms

• *tüpkürük (“saliva”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash:
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: tüpürmək, tüfürmək
      • Ottoman Turkish: توكورمك (tükürmek)
        • Turkish: tükürmek
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: tüýkürmek
    • Salar: tükürgüsi
• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: tupurmoq
  • Uyghur: تۈكۈرمەك (tükürmek)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: төкөрөү (tököröw)
    • Tatar: төкерү (tökerü)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: tükürmek
    • Kumyk: тюкюрмек (tükürmek)
    • Karachay-Balkar: тюкюрюрге (tükürürge)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Southern Altai: тӱкӱрер (tükürer)
      • Teleut тӱкӱр (tükür-)
    • Kyrgyz: түкүрүү (tükürüü)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: түкиру (tükıru)
    • Kazakh: түкіру (tükıru)
    • Nogai: туькуьруьв (tükürüv)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: түккүр (tükkür-)
      • Tuvan: дүкпүр (dükpür), түкпүр (tükpür)
    • Yenisei:
      • Shor: тӱкӱр (tükür-)
      • Khakas: тӱкӱр (tükür)