Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sagïzgan

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From an unattested *sagïz root +‎ *-gan. Nişanyan instead attempts to reconstruct a verb *sagïz- ("to chirp") comparing it to Mongolian шаг (šag, “sound of chirping”), шагших (šagšix, “to chirp”).

Noun

*sagïzgan

1. (Common Turkic) magpie

Declension

Declension of *sagïzgan

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*sagïzgan
Accusative	*sagïzganïg, *sagïzgannï1)
Genitive	*sagïzgannïŋ
Dative	*sagïzganka
Locative	*sagïzganta
Ablative	*sagïzgantan
Allative	*sagïzgangaru
Instrumental 2)	*sagïzganïn
Equative 2)	*sagïzganča
Similative 2)	*sagïzganlayu
Comitative 2)	*sagïzganlïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Proto-Oghuz: *sagsagan
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: sağsağan
    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Gagauz: saksaan
      • Turkish: saksağan
  • Salar: sıqsağan
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (sağïzğan)
    • Chagatai:
      • Uzbek: zag‘izg‘on
      • Uyghur: سېغىزخان (sëghizxan)
• Kipchak: *sagïsgan
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: һайыҫҡан (hayıśqan)
    • Tatar: саескан (sayeskan), савыскан (sawıskan)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Karaim: [script needed] (sawusqan)
    • Kumyk: савусгъан (sawusğan)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: sawısqan
      • Kazakh: сауысқан (sauysqan)
      • Nogai: [script needed] (sawısqan)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: сагызган (sagızgan)
      • Southern Altai: саҥыскан (saŋïskan)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur: 𐽻𐽰𐽵𐽶𐽴𐽵𐽰𐽺 (sagïzgan)
      • Western Yugur: [script needed] (saqɨsqan)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: сааскан (saaskan)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: саасхан (saasxan)
      • Shor: саасқан
    • Northern Altai: саскан (saskan)
• → Proto-Mongolic: *saxajïgai (“magpie”)
• → Manchu: [script needed] (saksaha, “magpie”)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sağızğa:n”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 818
• Eren, Hasan (1999) “saksağan”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 352
• Levitskaja, L. S., Blagova, G. F., Dybo, A. V., Nasilov, D. M., Pocelujevskij, Je. A. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume VII, Moscow: Vostočnaja literatura, page 177
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “saksağan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 396
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sagɨsgan”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[5], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill