Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kēnč

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Adjective

*kēnč

1. (Common Turkic) young

Declension

Declension of *kēnč

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*kēnč
Accusative	*kēnčig, *kēnčni1)
Genitive	*kēnčniŋ
Dative	*kēnčke
Locative	*kēnčde
Ablative	*kēnčden
Allative	*kēnčgerü
Instrumental 2)	*kēnčin
Equative 2)	*kēnčče
Similative 2)	*kēnčleyü
Comitative 2)	*kēnčligü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Common Turkic: *kēnč:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: gənc
    • Ottoman Turkish: گنج
      • Gagauz: genç
      • Turkish: genç
      • → Crimean Tatar: genç
      • → Middle Armenian: կէնճ (kēnč)
        • Armenian: կենճ (kenč), գ^յա̈նջ (g^yänǰ) — Van, dialectological notation, կանճ (kanč), կէնճ (kēnč) — traditional orthography
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: کانْجْ (kēnč)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kenč)

• → Proto-Mongolic: *kenje

• Middle Mongol: ᠬᠡᠨᠵᠡ (kenǰe):
• Buryat: хэнзэ (xenze)
• Kalmyk: кенз (kenz, “autumn-born small livestock; autumn grass”)
• Mongolian: хэнз (xenz, “late-grown crop; animal born late in the season”)
• → Bashkir: кинйә (kinyə)
• → Kumyk: генже (genje)
• → Kazakh: кенже (kenje)
• → Kyrgyz: кенже (kenje)
• → Southern Altai: кенје (kenǰe)
• → Tatar: кинцә (kintsä) (dialectal)
• → Tuvan: хенче (xençe, “autumn-born small livestock”)
• → Chagatai: کنجه (kenje, “child born to an aged father; child in general”)
  • Uyghur: كەنجە (kenje, “youngster”)
  • Uzbek: kenja (“youngest child”)
    • → Tajik: кенҷа (kenja, “youngest child”)
      • → Yagnobi: [script needed] (kenǰá, kanǰá), ⇒ [script needed] (kenǰagí)
• → Manchu: ᡴᡝᠨ᠋ᠵᡝ (kenje, “frail, tiny, small”)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ke:nç”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 727
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1963) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 16)‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 352, page 488
• Eren, Hasan (1999) “genç”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, pages 153-154
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “genç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 252
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Nauka, pages 20-21
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*gEnč”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill