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*-p-
- Increases the degree of an adjective.
- It takes the part up to the first vowel of the adjective to which it is added.
- *kara (“black”) + *-p- → *kapkara (“so black, jet-black”)
- *yeŋgül (“lightweight”) + *-p- → *yepyeŋgül (“so light (weight)”)
- *uŕïn (“long”) + *-p- → *upuŕïn (“so long”)
- Oghur:
- Common Turkic: *-p-:
- Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Ottoman Turkish:
- Gagauz: -p-
- Azerbaijani: -p-
- Salar: -p-
- Turkmen: -p-
- Khorasani Turkish: -p-
- Qashqai: -p-
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- Nogai: -п- (-p-)
- Kazakh: -п- (-p-)
- Karakalpak: -p-
- North Kipchak
- Tatar: -п- (-p-)
- Bashkir: -п- (-p-)
- Siberian Tatar: -п-
- West Kipchak:
- Kumyk: -п- (-p-)
- Crimean Tatar: -п-
- Karaim: -п-
- Karachay-Balkar: -п- (-p-)
- East Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: -п- (-p-)
- Southern Altai: -п- (-p-)