Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gil

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U	E / I / Ö / Ü
*-gïl	*-gil

Suffix 1

*-gil

1. (Common Turkic) Forms the second-person singular imperative.

   ‎*ẹĺit- (“to listen”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*ẹĺitgil (“Listen!”)

Related terms

• *-eyin (“suffix forming first-person singular imperative”)
• *-zün (“suffix forming third-person singular imperative”)
• *-elim (“suffix forming first-person plural imperative”)
• *-iŋ (“suffix forming second-person plural imperative”)

Descendants

Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-gil)
    • Classical Azerbaijani: -gilen
      • Azerbaijani: -ginen, -ynen (dial.), -gilen, -gile (South Azerbaijani)
      • Turkmeneli Turkic: -ginen
    • Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (-gil)
      • Turkish: -gilen, -gilene (dialect in Dulkadirli, Kırşehir)
  • Salar: -gil
  • Turkmen: -gin (dial.)
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-ğıl)
    • Chagatai: [script needed] (gil), [script needed] (-gin)
      • Uyghur: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-gin)
      • Uzbek: -gil, -gin
• Kipchak: [script needed] (-gil)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: -ҡыла (-qıla), -келе (-kele) (dial.)
  • South Kipchak:
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: -гыла (-gıla), -гула (-gula) (dial.)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰠 (-gil)
    • Old Uyghur: -gyl (-gil)

Suffix 2

*-gil

1. Forms denominal adjectives.

   ‎*üč (“three”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*üčgil (“triangle, three sided”)

   ‎*baĺč (“head”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*baĺčgïl (“a quadruped with a white head”)

Related terms

• *-il (“suffix forming deverbal adjectives”)
• *-sil (“suffix forming deverbal adjectives”)

Derived terms

Category Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-gil not found

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “-ğıl/-gil”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page xliii
• Caferoğlu, A. (1971). “Türkçemizdeki -ğıl ve -ğil Emir Kipi”. Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı: Belleten, pp. 1-10. [1]
• Sarıkaya, Mahmut. (October 2005). “Teklik İkinci Kişi Emir Çekimlerinin Anadolu ve Azerbaycan Ağızlarındaki Değişik Örnekleri Üzerine”, II. Kırşehir Kültür Araştırmaları Bilgi Şöleni. [2]