Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/iāsa

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative Reconstructions

• *ńiasa (per EDAL)

Reconstruction notes

Even нёӈэти (ņoŋəti), нөӈэти (nöŋəti, “one-eyed”) and Negidal [script needed] (ńuińaki, “eyebrow”) supports an initial *ń-, and also pointing perhaps to a derivative *ńiā-ŋu- with later assimilations > *ńūŋu- ~ *ńūńu-.

Etymology

Some of descendants, reflect the plural form *iāsa-l, according to Benzing.

Noun

*iāsa

1. eye

Declension

Declension of *iāsa

	Singular
Nominative	*iāsa
Accusative	*iāsaba
Genitive	*iāsaŋī
Dative	*iāsadua
Locative	*iāsala
Ablative	*iāsadiki
Prolative	*iāsali
Elative	*iāsagiʒi
Instrumental	*iāsaʒi
Delative	*iāsalāki
Directive	*iāsatiki
Comitative	*iāsagili

Descendants

• Jurchenic:
  • Jurchen: [Han needed] (yasa /⁠ya-sa⁠/)
    • Manchu: ᠶᠠᠰᠠ (yasa)
• Tungusic:
  • North Tungusic:
    • Even: я̄са̇л (jāsȧl)
    • Evenki: эса (əsa)
    • Negidal: е̄са (ēsa)
    • Oroqen: yɛ꞉ʃa
  • South Tungusic:
    • Central:
      • Oroch: иса (isa)
      • Udihe: йа (ja), я̄ (jā)
    • South-Eastern:
      • Nanai: насал (nasal)
      • Orok: и́са (ísa), и́сал (ísal)
      • Ulch: и̇сал (isal)

References

• Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 291-292
• Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 314.