Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/dilgan

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Either suffixed with *-n or *-gan. Compare Evenki дыламкӯн (dilamkūn, “high, thin (voice)”).

Noun

*dilgan

1. voice

Declension

Declension of *dilgan

	Singular
Nominative	*dilgan
Accusative	*dilganba
Genitive	*dilganŋī
Dative	*dilgandua
Locative	*dilganla
Ablative	*dilgandiki
Prolative	*dilganli
Elative	*dilgangiʒi
Instrumental	*dilganʒi
Delative	*dilganlāki
Directive	*dilgantiki
Comitative	*dilgangili

Descendants

• Jurchenic:
  • Jurchen: 的魯阿 (jilgan /⁠di-lu-a⁠/)
    • Manchu: ᠵᡳᠯᡤᠠᠨ (jilgan)
• Tungusic:
  • North Tungusic:
    • Even: дылган (dilgan), дэлган (dəlgan)
    • Evenki: дылган (dilgan)
    • Negidal: дэлган (delgan)
    • Oroqen: dɪlgan
    • Solon: dilga
  • South Tungusic:
    • Central:
      • Oroch: дыгган (diggan)
      • ⇒ Udihe: диғана- (diɣana, “to speak”)
    • South-Eastern:
      • Nanai: дилган (dilgan)
      • Orok: ӡилда(н) (ǯilda(n))
      • Ulch: д’илдяа(н) (ǯịlǯa(n))

References

• Fuchs, Walter, Lopatin, Ivan A., Menges, Karl, Denis, Sinor (1968) Tungusologie (Handbuch der Orientalistik; V.3), Leiden and Köln: Brill, page 91
• Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 32
• Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 206
• Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 327.