Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ŋēle-

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Perhaps compare Jurchen 迥羅沽 (go-lo-ho).

Verb

*ŋēle-

1. (intransitive) to be scared, frightened

Descendants

• Jurchenic:
  • Manchu: ᡤᡝᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (gelembi)
• Tungusic:
  • North Tungusic:
    • Even: ӈэ̄лдэй (ŋə̄ldəj)
    • Evenki: ӈэ̄лэтчэмӣ (ŋə̄lətçəmī) (from a causative form ?)
    • Negidal: ӈэ̄лэ- (ŋēle)
    • Solon: nēle-
  • South Tungusic:
    • Central:
      • Oroch: ӈэ̄лэ- (ŋēle-)
      • Udihe: ӈэлэ- (ŋele-)
    • South-Eastern:
      • Nanai: ӈэ̄лэчиури (ŋēlechiuri)
      • Orok: ӈэлэвури (ŋelewuri)
      • Ulch: ӈэ̄лэчуву (ŋēlechuwu)

References

• Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 667-669
• Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 300.