Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/verteno

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wertenán, from Proto-Indo-European *wertenóm, equivalent to Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, to rotate”) + *-eno. Cognate with Sanskrit वर्तन (vártana, “rotation, rolling, spindle”).

Noun

*vertenò n

1. spindle

   Synonym: *prędeno

Declension

Declension of *vērtenò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà
genitive	*vērtenà	*vērtenù	*vertènъ
dative	*vērtenù	*vērtenòma	*vērtenòmъ
accusative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà
instrumental	*vērtenъ̀mь, *vērtenòmь*	*vērtenòma	*vertèny
locative	*vērteně̀	*vērtenù	*vertèněxъ
vocative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: веретено (vereteno)
    • Old Ruthenian: веретено (vereteno)
      • Belarusian: верацяно́ (vjeracjanó)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: верете́но (vereténo)
      • Ukrainian: верете́но (vereténo)
    • Russian: веретено́ (veretenó)
    • → Finnic:
      • Estonian: värten
      • Finnish: värttinä
      • Ingrian: värttänä
      • Livvi: värtin
      • Ludian: värtin
      • Veps: värtin
      • Votic: värttene
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: врѣтено (vrěteno)

    Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱑⱅⰵⱀⱁ (vrěteno)

  • Bulgarian: врете́но (vreténo); (dialectal) връте́но (vrǎténo)
  • Macedonian: вретено (vreteno)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: вретѐно

    Latin script: vretèno

  • Slovene: vreténo (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: vřěteno
    • Czech: vřeteno
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): břeteno
      • Moravian (Mistřice): břeteno
  • Old Polish: wrzeciono
    • Polish: wrzeciono, wrzecieno
    • Silesian: wrzeciōno
  • Polabian: vritenĕ
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: wrzecono
  • Slovak: vreteno
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wrjeśeno
    • Upper Sorbian: wrjećeno

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “веретено́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вретено”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 186