Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/proso

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Unknown. If the Old Prussian word is cognate and not borrowed then from Proto-Balto-Slavic *praśan, which is put as from a Proto-Indo-European *proḱom from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“motley”), or from *pres- (“to press”). Non-Indo-European origin is also possible. Compare Eastern Mari шурно (šurno), Moksha суро (suro).

Noun

*prȍso n

1. broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum)

Inflection

Declension of *prȍso (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*prȍso	*prȍsě	*prosà
genitive	*prȍsa	*prosù	*pròsъ
dative	*prȍsu	*prosomà	*prosòmъ
accusative	*prȍso	*prȍsě	*prosà
instrumental	*prȍsъmь, *prȍsomь*	*prosomà	*prosý
locative	*prȍsě	*prosù	*prosě̃xъ
vocative	*proso	*prȍsě	*prosà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: просо (proso)
    • Belarusian: про́са (prósa)
    • Russian: про́со (próso)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: просо (proso)
    • Ukrainian: про́со (próso)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: просо (proso)

    Glagolitic: ⱂⱃⱁⱄⱁ (proso)

  • Bulgarian: просо́ (prosó)
  • Macedonian: просо (proso)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: про̏со

    Latin script: prȍso

  • Slovene: prosọ̑ (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: proso
    • Czech: proso
  • Polabian: prösü
  • Polish: proso n, older also prosa f
  • Slovak: proso
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: pšoso
    • Upper Sorbian: proso
• → Latvian: prosa
• → Lithuanian: prosais
• →? Old Prussian: prassan (“millet”, accusative)

Further reading

• Nieminen, Eino (1956) “Die Benennungen der Hirse in den baltischen Sprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 74. 3./4., pages 166 and 169
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “просо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress