Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/piščalь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *piskělь, from *piskati, *piščati (“squeak, whistle”) +‎ *-ělь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. According to Derksen, it's best to posit an onomatopoeic root *pī- followed by the suffix *-sk-.

Noun

*piščalь f

(music) pipe
shinbone
Synonym: *golěnь

Declension

Declension of *piščalь (i-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*piščalь	*piščali	*piščali
genitive	*piščali	piščalьju, piščaľu^*	piščalьjь, piščali^*
dative	*piščali	*piščalьma	*piščalьmъ
accusative	*piščalь	*piščali	*piščali
instrumental	piščalьjǫ, piščaľǫ^*	*piščalьma	*piščalьmi
locative	*piščali	piščalьju, piščaľu^*	*piščalьxъ
vocative	*piščali	*piščali	*piščali

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*piskorь, *piskarь, *piskalъ (“loach, gudgeon”)

Descendants

Church Slavonic: пищаль (pištalĭ)

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: пішча́ль (piščálʹ)
- Russian: пища́ль (piščálʹ)
- Ukrainian: пища́ль (pyščálʹ)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: пищя́л (pištjál, “shinbone”)
- Macedonian: писка (piska, “shinbone”)
- Slovene: piščal
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: píščala
  - Czech: píšťala (see there for further descendants)
- Polish: piszczel, piszczałka
- Slovak: píšťala

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пищаль”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress