Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/nevěsta

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *ne- +‎ *věděti.

Noun

*nevěsta f

1. bride

Declension

Declension of *nevě̀sta (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nevě̀sta	*nevě̀stě	*nevě̀sty
genitive	*nevě̀sty	*nevě̀stu	*nevě̀stъ
dative	*nevě̀stě	*nevě̀stama	*nevě̀stamъ
accusative	*nevě̀stǫ	*nevě̀stě	*nevě̀sty
instrumental	*nevě̀stojǫ, *nevě̀stǭ**	*nevě̀stama	*nevě̀stamī
locative	*nevě̀stě	*nevě̀stu	*nevě̀stasъ, *nevě̀staxъ*
vocative	*nevě̀sto	*nevě̀stě	*nevě̀sty

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *věďa (“knowledge”)
• *věděti (“to know”)
• *vědьma (“witch”)
• *věstъ (“known”)
• *věstь (“message”)
• *věščь (“proficient, wise”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: невѣста (nevěsta)
    • Old Belarusian: невеста (nevesta)
      • Belarusian: няве́ста (njavjésta)
    • Middle Russian:
      • Russian: неве́ста (nevésta), невѣ́ста (nevě́sta) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
        • → Komi-Zyrian: невеста (ńevesta)
    • Old Ukrainian: невѣста (nevista)
      • Ukrainian: неві́ста (nevísta)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: невѣста (nevěsta)

    Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⰲⱑⱄⱅⰰ (nevěsta)

    • Bulgarian: неве́ста (nevésta), Bulgarian: невя́ста (nevjásta) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: не́веста (névesta)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: нѐвеста

    Latin script: nèvesta

    • Chakavian (Orbanići): nevȅsta
    • Chakavian (Vrgada): nevȉsta
  • Slovene: nevesta
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: nevěsta
    • Czech: nevěsta
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): nevěsta
  • Kashubian: niasta
  • Old Polish: niewiesta
    • Polish: niewiasta
  • Slovak: nevesta
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: njewjesta
    • Lower Sorbian: njewjesta

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Aromanian: nveastã, ãnveastã
  • → Megleno-Romanian: niveastă
  • → Romanian: nevastă

Further reading

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*nevě̀sta”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 351
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*nevěsta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 70
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “неве́ста”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress