Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/melti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mélˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind”). Cognates include Lithuanian málti, German mahlen, Latin molō, Ancient Greek μύλη (múlē), Sanskrit मृणाति (mṛṇā́ti) and Hittite [script needed] (malla-ⁱ).

Verb

*mèlti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to grind, mill

Conjugation

Conjugation of *melti, *mel, *meľetь (impf., -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*meltьje	*melti	*meltъ	*mellъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*meltъ	*meľemъ
Active	*melvъ	*meľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*melsъ	*mel	*mel	*meľǫ	*meľeši	*meľetь
Dual	*melsově	*melsta	*melste	*meľevě	*meľeta	*meľete
Plural	*melsomъ	*melste	*melsę	*meľemъ	*meľete	*meľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*meľaaxъ	*meľaaše	*meľaaše	—	*meľi	*meľi
Dual	*meľaaxově	*meľaašeta	*meľaašete	*meľivě	*meľita	—
Plural	*meľaaxomъ	*meľaašete	*meľaaxǫ	*meľimъ	*meľite	—

(*)*meljenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: молоти (moloti)
  - Belarusian: мало́ць (malócʹ)
  - Russian: моло́ть (molótʹ)
  - Ukrainian: моло́ти (molóty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: млѣти (mlěti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰿⰾⱑⱅⰻ (mlěti)
- Bulgarian: ме́ля (mélja)
- Macedonian: меле (mele)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: мле̏ти, мље̏ти
  
  Latin: mlȅti, mljȅti
- Slovene: mlẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mléti
  - Czech: mlít
- Polabian: mlåt
- Old Polish: mleć
  - Polish: mielić (colloquial), mleć
  - Silesian: mleć
    - ⇒ Silesian: melać
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: mielëc, młoc
- Old Slovak:
  - Pannonian Rusyn: млєц (mljec)
  - Slovak: mlieť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mlěć
  - Lower Sorbian: mlaś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mèlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 307: “v. (b) ‘grind, mill’”
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “malti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 302: “*meltì”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “melti: meljǫ meljetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 248f., 251; PR 136; ?MP 27)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mèlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 307: “v. (b) ‘grind, mill’”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015) “malti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 302: “*meltì”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “melti: meljǫ meljetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 248f., 251; PR 136; ?MP 27)”

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