Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lokati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lak-. Cognate with Lithuanian làkti (“to lap”), Latvian lakt (“to lap”), Old Armenian լակեմ (lakem, “to lick”). Per Derksen, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lak-, an assumed expressive or onomatopoeic root with "European *a". Vasmer additionally suggests a possible relationship with Ancient Greek λάπτω (láptō, “to lick”), which Derksen would prefer to trace back to a separate Proto-Indo-European expressive root *lap-.

Verb

*lokàti impf

1. to lap

Inflection

Conjugation of *lokati, *loka, *ločetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lokanьje	*lokati	*lokatъ	*lokalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lokanъ	*ločemъ
Active	*lokavъ	*ločę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lokaxъ	*loka	*loka	*ločǫ	*ločeši	*ločetь
Dual	*lokaxově	*lokasta	*lokaste	*ločevě	*ločeta	*ločete
Plural	*lokaxomъ	*lokaste	*lokašę	*ločemъ	*ločete	*ločǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lokaaxъ	*lokaaše	*lokaaše	—	*loči	*loči
Dual	*lokaaxově	*lokaašeta	*lokaašete	*ločivě	*ločita	—
Plural	*lokaaxomъ	*lokaašete	*lokaaxǫ	*ločimъ	*ločite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лакати (lakati), локати (lokati) (15th century)
    • Belarusian: ло́каць (lókacʹ)
    • Russian: лака́ть (lakátʹ), лока́ть (lokátʹ)
    • Ukrainian: лока́ти (lokáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: локати (lokati)
    • Bulgarian: ло́ча (lóča), ло́кам (lókam)
    • Macedonian: лока (loka)
    • Serbo-Croatian:

      Cyrillic script: ло̀кати

      Latin script: lòkati

    • Slovene: lọ̄kati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lokati
    • Czech: lokat
  • Old Polish: łokać
    • Polish: łokać, łakać (dialectal)
  • Slovak: logať
  • Slovincian: lôkac

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лока́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lokati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 6