Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěvъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂iwos, possibly from *leh₂- (“to be hidden, to wait from a distance”), derived with the suffix *-wós. Cognates include Ancient Greek λαιός (laiós), Latin laevus.[1] The adjective got its meaning likely due to the popular view that the left hand is the weaker, less suitable hand to use.
Adjective
[edit]Inflection
[edit]Indefinite declension of *lěvъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *lěvъ | *lěva | *lěvo |
| genitive | *lěva | *lěvy | *lěva |
| dative | *lěvu | *lěvě | *lěvu |
| accusative | *lěvъ | *lěvǫ | *lěvo |
| instrumental | *lěvomь | *lěvojǫ | *lěvomь |
| locative | *lěvě | *lěvě | *lěvě |
| vocative | *lěve | *lěvo | *lěvo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *lěva | *lěvě | *lěvě |
| genitive | *lěvu | *lěvu | *lěvu |
| dative | *lěvoma | *lěvama | *lěvoma |
| accusative | *lěva | *lěvě | *lěvě |
| instrumental | *lěvoma | *lěvama | *lěvoma |
| locative | *lěvu | *lěvu | *lěvu |
| vocative | *lěva | *lěvě | *lěvě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *lěvi | *lěvy | *lěva |
| genitive | *lěvъ | *lěvъ | *lěvъ |
| dative | *lěvomъ | *lěvamъ | *lěvomъ |
| accusative | *lěvy | *lěvy | *lěva |
| instrumental | *lěvy | *lěvami | *lěvy |
| locative | *lěvěxъ | *lěvaxъ | *lěvěxъ |
| vocative | *lěvi | *lěvy | *lěva |
Definite declension of *lěvъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *lěvъjь | *lěvaja | *lěvoje |
| genitive | *lěvajego | *lěvyję̇ | *lěvajego |
| dative | *lěvujemu | *lěvěji | *lěvujemu |
| accusative | *lěvъjь | *lěvǫjǫ | *lěvoje |
| instrumental | *lěvyjimь | *lěvǫjǫ | *lěvyjimь |
| locative | *lěvějemь | *lěvěji | *lěvějemь |
| vocative | *lěvъjь | *lěvaja | *lěvoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *lěvaja | *lěvěji | *lěvěji |
| genitive | *lěvuju | *lěvuju | *lěvuju |
| dative | *lěvyjima | *lěvyjima | *lěvyjima |
| accusative | *lěvaja | *lěvěji | *lěvěji |
| instrumental | *lěvyjima | *lěvyjima | *lěvyjima |
| locative | *lěvuju | *lěvuju | *lěvuju |
| vocative | *lěvaja | *lěvěji | *lěvěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *lěviji | *lěvyję̇ | *lěvaja |
| genitive | *lěvъjixъ | *lěvъjixъ | *lěvъjixъ |
| dative | *lěvyjimъ | *lěvyjimъ | *lěvyjimъ |
| accusative | *lěvyję̇ | *lěvyję̇ | *lěvaja |
| instrumental | *lěvyjimi | *lěvyjimi | *lěvyjimi |
| locative | *lěvyjixъ | *lěvyjixъ | *lěvyjixъ |
| vocative | *lěviji | *lěvyję̇ | *lěvaja |
Derived terms
[edit]- *lěvakъ (“left-handed man”)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ле́вый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lě̑vъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 275: “adj. o (c) ‘left’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “lěvъ lěva lěvo”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c venstre (PR 138)”