Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kudo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncharacteristic o-grade s-stem, reflecting Proto-Indo-European *kówdos. Per Derksen, secondary formation from the e-grade Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *huską, *huskaz.

Noun

*kudo n

1. paranormal activity (e.g. sorcery, miracle, nearly impossible event)

Alternative forms

• *kudъ (“evil spirit”) (о-stem)
• *kudь (“magic, paranormal activity”) (i-stem)
• *kudesъ (reanalyzed from the oblique cases)

Declension

Declension of *kudo (s-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kudo	*kudesi	*kudesa
genitive	*kudese	*kudesu	*kudesъ
dative	*kudesi	*kudesьma	*kudesьmъ
accusative	*kudo	*kudesi	*kudesa
instrumental	*kudesьmь	*kudesьma	*kudesy
locative	*kudese	*kudesu	*kudesьxъ
vocative	*kudo	*kudesi	*kudesa

Related terms

• *prokuda (“exile”)
• *kuditi (“to prosecute, to accuse”)

Derived terms

• *kudesiti (“to perform a miracle/magic”)
• *kudesьnъ (“paranormal, miraculous”)
• *kudesьnikъ (“mage, sorcerer”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)
  • Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”) Npl. (dialectal), ку́десь f (kúdesʹ, “sorcery”) (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • ⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “куд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kudo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 83

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kudo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255