Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьlъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *jьlo

Etymology

Possibly rebuilt from u-stem *jìlъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀlus, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)iHlús (“mud; dark”). Perhaps cognate with Latvian īls (“very dark”), Ancient Greek ἰλύς (ilús, “mud, slime”), εἰλύ (eilú, “very dark, black”).

Noun

*jьlъ m

1. silt
2. clay

Declension

Declension of *jьlъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jьlъ	*jьla	*jьli
genitive	*jьla	*jьlu	*jьlъ
dative	*jьlu	*jьloma	*jьlomъ
accusative	*jьlъ	*jьla	*jьly
instrumental	*jьlъmь, *jьlomь*	*jьloma	*jьly
locative	*jьlě	*jьlu	*jьlěxъ
vocative	*jьle	*jьla	*jьli

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: илъ (ilŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: илъ (il)
      • Belarusian: іл (il)
      • Ukrainian: ил (yl)
    • Russian: ил (il)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: илъ (ilŭ, “bog”)

    Glagolitic script: ⰻⰾⱏ (ilŭ)

  • Bulgarian: ил (il)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ѝловача

    Latin script: ìlovača

  • Slovene: íl (“loam, clay”), jilo (“loam, clay”), ilo (“loam, clay”)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jíl
    • Czech: jíl (“silt, clay”)
  • Polish: ił (“clay, natural dampness of earth”), jеł (“clay, natural dampness of earth”) (dialectal)
  • Slovak: íl (“silt, clay”), il (“silt, clay”) (archaic)