Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьkati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Onomatopoeic

Verb

*jьkati

1. to hiccup

Inflection

Conjugation of *jьkati, *jьka, *jьkajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*jьkanьje	*jьkati	*jьkatъ	*jьkalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*jьkanъ	*jьkajemъ
Active	*jьkavъ	*jьkaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьkaxъ	*jьka	*jьka	*jьkajǫ	*jьkaješi	*jьkajetь
Dual	*jьkaxově	*jьkasta	*jьkaste	*jьkajevě	*jьkajeta	*jьkajete
Plural	*jьkaxomъ	*jьkaste	*jьkašę	*jьkajemъ	*jьkajete	*jьkajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьkaaxъ	*jьkaaše	*jьkaaše	—	*jьkaji	*jьkaji
Dual	*jьkaaxově	*jьkaašeta	*jьkaašete	*jьkajivě	*jьkajita	—
Plural	*jьkaaxomъ	*jьkaašete	*jьkaaxǫ	*jьkajimъ	*jьkajite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old Ruthenian: *ика́ти (*ikáti)
    • Belarusian: і́каць (íkacʹ)
    • Ukrainian: гика́ти (hykáty), іка́ти (ikáty), и́кати (ýkaty)
  • Russian: ика́ть (ikátʹ); ёкать (jókatʹ) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: и́кам (íkam) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: ика (ika)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: икати (rare, obsolete)

    Latin script: ikati (rare, obsolete)

  • Slovene: hȋkati, íkati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: jíkat
  • Polish: ikać (obsolete)
  • Slovak: ikať
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hikać, jukać
    • Lower Sorbian: hykaś

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jьkati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 215
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ика́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress