Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grakъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *grati (“to play music”) +‎ *-kъ, onomatopoeic in nature. Probably related to Proto-Indo-European *greh₂- (“to cry”).

Noun

*grakъ m

1. croak

Declension

Declension of *grakъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grakъ	*graka	*graci
genitive	*graka	*graku	*grakъ
dative	*graku	*grakoma	*grakomъ
accusative	*grakъ	*graka	*graky
instrumental	*grakъmь, *grakomь*	*grakoma	*graky
locative	*gracě	*graku	*gracěxъ
vocative	*grače	*graka	*graci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

• *graka f

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: грак (hrak)
    • Ukrainian: грак (hrak)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: грак (grak), гра́ка (gráka) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: грак (grak)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гра̑к, гра̏ка

    Latin script: grȃk, grȁka

  • Slovene: gráka (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: grak (dialectal)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grakъ/*graka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 103
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гра́кать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress