Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gatъka
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Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]By surface analysis, *gatati (“to tell, to guess”) + *-ъka. Ultimately, perhaps a diminutive of Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾eh₃th₂ós (“proverb”) + *-ъka, cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *gaHtʰás (“hymn”).
Noun
[edit]*gatъka f
Declension
[edit]Declension of *gatъka (hard a-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *gatъka | *gatъcě | *gatъky |
genitive | *gatъky | *gatъku | *gatъkъ |
dative | *gatъcě | *gatъkama | *gatъkamъ |
accusative | *gatъkǫ | *gatъcě | *gatъky |
instrumental | *gatъkojǫ, *gatъkǫ** | *gatъkama | *gatъkami |
locative | *gatъcě | *gatъku | *gatъkasъ, *gatъkaxъ* |
vocative | *gatъko | *gatъcě | *gatъky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
[edit]- *gatъkati (“to speak crypticly”)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: гатъка (gatŭka) (Russian rendition)
- → Old East Slavic: гатъками бесѣдовати (gatŭkami besědovati, “to converse in cryptic manner”) (XII cent.)
- Bulgarian: га́тка (gátka) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: гатка (gatka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Old Church Slavonic: гатъка (gatŭka) (Russian rendition)
Further reading
[edit]- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gatъka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 105