Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewH- (“to gush, to shake, to blow”), cognate with Sanskrit धूयते (dhūyate, “to shake, to tremble”) and Ancient Greek θῡ́ω (thū́ō, “to rush in, to storm”). Within Balto-Slavic, akin to Lithuanian dujà (“dizzle, mist”).

Formally, the lemma also bears resemblance with the onomatopoeic Proto-Slavic *duda (“duda (type of bagpipe)”), *dudati (“to play a duda”), *dudněti (“to buzz, to make noise”).

The conjugation pattern is probably normal thematic inflection. On the surface, it looks as *je-inflection, however, the -j- is likely resultant from a compensatory hiatus.

Verb

*duti impf (perfective *dunǫti)

1. to blow
2. to swell, to inflate (by blowing air into)
3. to blast

   Synonym: *buxati

Inflection

Conjugation of *duti, *du, *dujetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dutьje	*duti	*dutъ	*dulъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dutъ	*dujemъ
Active	*duvъ	*duję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*duxъ	*du	*du	*dujǫ	*duješi	*dujetь
Dual	*duxově	*dusta	*duste	*dujevě	*dujeta	*dujete
Plural	*duxomъ	*duste	*dušę	*dujemъ	*dujete	*dujǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dujaaxъ	*dujaaše	*dujaaše	—	*duji	*duji
Dual	*dujaaxově	*dujaašeta	*dujaašete	*dujivě	*dujita	—
Plural	*dujaaxomъ	*dujaašete	*dujaaxǫ	*dujimъ	*dujite	—

Derived terms

• *dujati, *duvati
• *duxati (“to blow, to wind”)
• *dudlo (“pipe”)
• *dutina (“bump, swelling”)

Related terms

• *dǫti (“to smoke”)

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: доути (duti)
  • Bulgarian: дуя (duja)
  • Macedonian: дуе (due)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ду̏ти (obsolete)

    Latin script: dȕti (obsolete)

  • Slovene: dúti
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: duć
  • Slovak: duť

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*duti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 166
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дуя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 452