Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Early Proto-Slavic *kajnā́˙,^[1] from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

Noun

*cěnà f^[2]^[3]

price
value

Inflection

Declension of *cěnà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*cěnà	*cě̑ně	*cě̑ny
genitive	*cěný	*cěnù	*cě̃nъ
dative	*cěně̀	*cěnàma	*cěnàmъ
accusative	*cě̑nǫ	*cě̑ně	*cě̑ny
instrumental	*cěnojǫ́	*cěnàma	*cěnàmi
locative	*cě̑ně	*cěnù	cěnàsъ, cěnàxъ^*
vocative	*cěno	*cě̑ně	*cě̑ny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms

*cěniti (“to evaluate, value”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: цѣна (cěna)
  - Old Ruthenian: цѣна́ (cěná), цона́ (coná)
    - Belarusian: цана́ (caná)
    - Ukrainian: ціна́ (ciná)
  - Russian: цена́ (cená)
- Old Novgorodian: *кѣна (*kěna)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: цѣна (cěna)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱌⱑⱀⰰ (cěna)
  - Bulgarian: цена́ (cená)
  - Macedonian: цена (cena)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: це́на, (dialectal) цијѐна
  
  Latin script: céna, (dialectal) cijèna
- Slovene: cẹ́na (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: cena
- Old Czech: cěna
  - Czech: cena
- Old Polish: cena, cana
  - Polish: cena
  - Silesian: cena
- Old Slovak: cena
  - Slovak: cena

Non-Slavic:
- → Latvian: cena

References

^ Klotz, Emanuel (2017) “*kajnā́˙ «cěna»”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 122
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*cěnà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75: “f. ā (c) ‘price, value’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “cěna cěny”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c price (NA 86, 141; SA 24, 43; PR 138)”

[1] Klotz, Emanuel (2017) “*kajnā́˙ «cěna»”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 122

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*cěnà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75: “f. ā (c) ‘price, value’”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “cěna cěny”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c price (NA 86, 141; SA 24, 43; PR 138)”

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