Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-oda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps continuing Proto-Balto-Slavic *-adāˀ. Rare suffix with unclear functions. Possibly related with Ancient Greek -άδος (-ádos) in genitive case of feminine nouns, see Παλλάς (Pallás), δορκᾰ́ς (dorkás).

Suffix

*-oda f

1. Forming names of the plants

   *aga (“berry”) → *àgoda (“berry”)

   *albʰós (“white”) → *olboda (“goosefoot”)

2. Forming abstract nouns

   *svobъ (“one's own”) → *svobodà (“freedom”)

   *laga (“something arranged”) → *lagoda (“carelessness, pleasure”)

Declension

Declension of *-oda (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-oda	*-odě	*-ody
genitive	*-ody	*-odu	*-odъ
dative	*-odě	*-odama	*-odamъ
accusative	*-odǫ	*-odě	*-ody
instrumental	*-odojǫ, *-odǫ**	*-odama	*-odami
locative	*-odě	*-odu	*-odasъ, *-odaxъ*
vocative	*-odo	*-odě	*-ody

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oda

References

Further reading

• Rau, Jeremy (2004) “The Derivational history of the Greek stems in -άδ-”, in Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, volume 64, pages 137-173