Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(š)četina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *(š)četь +‎ *-ina.

Noun

*ščetìna f

1. bristle

Declension

Declension of *(š)četina (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(š)četina	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny
genitive	*(š)četiny	*(š)četinu	*(š)četinъ
dative	*(š)četině	*(š)četinama	*(š)četinamъ
accusative	*(š)četinǫ	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny
instrumental	*(š)četinojǫ, *(š)četinǫ**	*(š)četinama	*(š)četinami
locative	*(š)četině	*(š)četinu	*(š)četinasъ, *(š)četinaxъ*
vocative	*(š)četino	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *(š)četъka (“brush”)

Descendants

With s-mobile:

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *щетина (*ščetina)
    • Old Ruthenian: щети́на (ščetína)
      • Belarusian: шчаці́на (ščacína)
      • Ukrainian: щети́на (ščetýna)
    • Russian: щети́на (ščetína)
• South Slavic:
  • Slovene: ščetína (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: štětina
  • Kashubian: szczecëna
  • Old Polish: szczecina
    • Polish: szczecina
  • Polabian: såcitaină
  • Slovak: štetina
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: šćeśina

Without s-mobile:

• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: чѐтина (čètina)
  • Macedonian: четина (četina)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: чѐтина

    Latin script: čètina

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Albanian: çetinë

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1973) “щети́на”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 505
• Semjonov, A. V. (2003) “щетина”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (Русский язык от А до Я) (in Russian), Moscow: Junves, →ISBN