Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žьrdь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-.

Noun

*žьrdь f

1. perch, pole, ricker

Inflection

Declension of *žьrdь (i-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žьrdь	*žьrdi	*žьrdi
genitive	*žьrdi	*žьrdьju, *žьrďu*	*žьrdьjь, *žьrdi*
dative	*žьrdi	*žьrdьma	*žьrdьmъ
accusative	*žьrdь	*žьrdi	*žьrdi
instrumental	*žьrdьjǫ, *žьrďǫ*	*žьrdьma	*žьrdьmi
locative	*žьrdi	*žьrdьju, *žьrďu*	*žьrdьxъ
vocative	*žьrdi	*žьrdi	*žьrdi

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *žьrdьka (diminutive)

Related terms

• *gordъ (“fort, town”)
• *zordъ (“stack pole”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: жерздь (žjerzdʹ)
  • Russian: жердь (žerdʹ) (dialectally же́редь (žéredʹ))
  • ⇒ Ukrainian: же́рдка (žérdka)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: жрьдь (žrĭdĭ)
  • Bulgarian: жерд (žerd), жърть (žǎrtʹ) (obsolete)
    • ⇒ же́рда f (žérda, “beam, bar”) (dialectal)
  • Slovene: žȓd (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: žrd
    • Czech: žerď
      • Moravian (Mistřice): žrť
  • Old Polish: żerdź
    • Polish: żerdź
  • Slovak: žrď

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: zsorda (“rod”)
  • → Romanian: joardă (“rod, stick”)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *hirci (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жердь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жерд, жерда”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 537