Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mušy-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*mušy- m or *mušyat- f

1. evening

Inflection

Masculine:

Declension of *mušy-

case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mušyum	*mušyāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*mušyam	*mušyayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*mušyim
possessive forms
1st person	*mušyī / *mušyVya	—	*mušyVni
2nd person m	*mušyVka	*mušyVkumā / *mušyVkumay	*mušyVkum(ū)
2nd person f	*mušyVki		*mušyVkin(ā)
3rd person m	*mušyVšu	*mušyVšumā / *mušyVšumay	*mušyVšum(ū)
3rd person f	*mušyVša		*mušyVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *mušyuya for nom. case, *mušyiya for gen. case, *mušyaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒈪 (mūšum, “night”), 𒈪 (mušītum, “night”)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: مَسَاء (masāʔ, “evening, night”), أَمْس (ʔams, “yesterday”), أُمْسِيَّة (ʔumsiyya, “evening”)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: רַמְשָׁא / ܪܰܡܫܳܐ (ramšā, “evening”) (irregular; disputed)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: אֶמֶשׁ ('émesh, ʾémeš, “night, darkness; last night, yesterday”)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • North Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Ge'ez: ምሴት (məset, “evening”)
      • Tigre: ምሴት (məset, “evening”)
      • Tigrinya: ምሸት (məšät, “evening”)
    • South Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Amharic: ምሽት (məššət, “evening”)
      • Argobba: ሙሼድ (mušed)
      • Gafat: məsiet, məštä (“evening, night”)
      • Harari: ምሼት (məšet, “evening, night”)
      • Inor: ሙሼድ (mušed, “evening”)
      • Kistane: ምሸት (məšät, “evening, night”), ምሽት (məššət)
  • Modern South Arabian
    • Soqotri: imšin (“evening”)

See also

• *laylay-
• *ʔamšay-

References

• Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 196