Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/kaʔs-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
[edit]Noun
[edit]*kaʔs- m or f
Inflection
[edit]Masculine:
Declension of *kaʔs-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kaʔsum | *kaʔsāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *kaʔsim | *kaʔsayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *kaʔsam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *kaʔsī / *kaʔsVya | — | *kaʔsVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *kaʔsVka | *kaʔsVkumā / *kaʔsVkumay | *kaʔsVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *kaʔsVki | *kaʔsVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *kaʔsVšu | *kaʔsVšumā / *kaʔsVšumay | *kaʔsVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *kaʔsVša | *kaʔsVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *kaʔsuya for nom. case, *kaʔsiya for gen. case, *kaʔsaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *kaʔs-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *kaʔs-
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Feminine:
Declension of *kaʔs-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kaʔsum | *kaʔsāna | *kaʔsātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *kaʔsim | *kaʔsayna | *kaʔsātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *kaʔsam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *kaʔsī / *kaʔsVya | — | *kaʔsVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *kaʔsVka | *kaʔsVkumā / *kaʔsVkumay | *kaʔsVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *kaʔsVki | *kaʔsVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *kaʔsVšu | *kaʔsVšumā / *kaʔsVšumay | *kaʔsVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *kaʔsVša | *kaʔsVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *kaʔsuya for nom. case, *kaʔsiya for gen. case, *kaʔsaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *kaʔs-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *kaʔs-
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Descendants
[edit]- East Semitic:
- West Semitic: