Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḫalap-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*ḫalap-

1. to go beyond, to transgress

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḫalap- (paʕala)

verbal noun					*ḫalp-
active participle					*ḫālip-
passive participle					*ḫalīp-, *ḫalūp-
		singular				dual				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	*ḫalapku	*ḫalapka	*ḫalapa		*ḫalapkayā	*ḫalapkā	*ḫalapā		*ḫalapna	*ḫalapkanu	*ḫalapū
	f		*ḫalapki	*ḫalapat				*ḫalapatā			*ḫalapkina	*ḫalapā
imperfect	m	*ʔaḫlup	*taḫlup	*yiḫlup		*taḫlupā	*yaḫlupā	*niḫlup		*taḫlupū	*yiḫlupū
	f		*taḫlupī	*taḫlup			*taḫlupā			*taḫlupā	*yiḫlupā
imperative	m		*ḫalup			*ḫalupā				*ḫalupū
	f		*ḫalupī							*ḫalupā

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒁽 (ḫalāpum, “to slip through”)
• West Semitic
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: خَلَفَ (ḵalafa, “to succeed, to substitute, to lag behind”)
  • Northwest Semitic:
    • Aramaic: חְלַף (ḥəlap̄, “to change, to alter”)
      • Classical Syriac: ܚܠܰܦ (ḥlap̄, “to exchange, to substitute”)
    • Canaanite:
      • Hebrew: חָלַף (khaláf, ḥālap̄, “to pass by”)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Ge'ez: ኀለፈ (ḫäläfä, “to pass by, to pass over, to go beyond, to transgress”)