Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/åmtə-

This Proto-Samoyedic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Samoyedic

Alternative reconstructions

(South Samoyedic) *ämtɜ-

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *amɜ-.

Verb

*åmtə-^[1]

to sit

Reconstruction notes

The first syllable vowel varies irregularly: Nganasan, Enets, and Nenets point to *å, but Sayan Samoyedic to *ä. Perhaps an older situation is preserved by Selkup, where both forms exist side by side in different derivations: Proto-Selkup *omtə- ‘to sit down’ (< *åmtǝ-) vs. *āmtə- ‘to sit’ (< *ämt-ö-). If this is the case, the difference may reflect an earlier distinction of second-syllable vowels in Pre-Proto-Samoyed, but the details remain unclear.^[2]

Descendants

Nganasan: ӈомтәдя (ŋomtədja)^[3]
Enets:^[4]
- Forest Enets: аду- (adu-)
- Tundra Enets: аду- (adu-)
Nenets:
- Forest Nenets: ӈамтӑш (ŋamtăš)^[5]
- Tundra Nenets: ӈамдӑсь (ŋamdăsʹ°)^[6]
Proto-Selkup: *omtə- (“to sit down”), *āmtə- (“to sit”) ^[7]
- Northern Selkup: омтыӄо (omtyqo), ө̄мтыӄо (å̄mtyqo)^[8]
- Southern Selkup:
  - Narym: омдэгу́ (omdegú), āмдэгу (āmdegu)^[9]
  - Upper Ob: обдэгу (obdegu), эабдэгу (eabdegu)^[10]
Kamassian: амнәзьәт (amnəźət)^[11]
- Koibal: амна- (amna-)^[12]
Mator: амдә- (amdə-)^[13]

References

^ Janhunen, Juha. 1977. Samojedischer Wortschatz: Gemeinsamojedische Etymologien ('Samoyedic Vocabulary: Common Samoyedic Etymologies'). Castreanianumin toimitteita 17. Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura. →ISBN.
^ Ante Aikio (2020) Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft version of entries A–Ć; 1/17/2020)‎^[1], page 15
^ N. T. Kosterkina, A. C. Momde, T. Y. Zhdanova (2001) Словарь нганасанско-русский и русско-нганасанский, St. Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN, page 134
^ Olesya Khanina, Andrey Shluinsky (2023) Forest and Tundra Enets‎^[2], →DOI, →ISBN, pages 827, 828
^ M. Y. Barmich, I. A. Vello (2002) Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий (лесной диалект), Просвещение, →ISBN, page 94
^ N. M. Tereschenko (2005) Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий, 3rd edition, Saint Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN, page 80
^ T. Janurik (2023) “A protoszölkup nyelvállapot és fejleményei. Elektronikus kézirat.”, in Szamojéd Tudástár‎^[3] (in Hungarian), page 16
^ O. A. Kazakevich, Ye. M. Budyanskaya (2010) Диалектологический словарь селькупского языка (северное наречие) [Dialectological dictionary of the Selkup language (Northern continuum)], Yekaterinburg: Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the RAS; Баско, →ISBN, page 89, 92 of 368
^ I. A. Korobeynikova (2020) Родное слово [Native word], Tomsk: Аграф-Пресс; Вайар, →ISBN, page 87, 42 of 240
^ G. Yu. Kostyuchenko (2023) Тюйкуй Йэжиссан – Селькупский словарь для остяков Молчановского района [Tjuykuy Yezhissan – Selkup dictionary for Molchanovo district Selkup people], Molchanovo, page 57, 103 of 109
^ Donner, Kai R. (1944) Kamassisches Wörterbuch nebst Sprachproben und Hauptzügen der Grammatik‎^[4], Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 5
^ T. Janurik (2021) Kojbál szótár: a publikált szójegyzékek egyesített szótára.‎^[5] (in Hungarian), Székesfehérvár, pages 29, 57
^ E. Helimski (1997) N. Beáta, editor, Die Matorische Sprache‎^[6] (in German), Szeged: JATE Finnugor Tanszék, →ISBN, page 203

[1] Janhunen, Juha. 1977. Samojedischer Wortschatz: Gemeinsamojedische Etymologien ('Samoyedic Vocabulary: Common Samoyedic Etymologies'). Castreanianumin toimitteita 17. Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura. →ISBN.

[2] Ante Aikio (2020) Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft version of entries A–Ć; 1/17/2020)‎^[1], page 15

[3] N. T. Kosterkina, A. C. Momde, T. Y. Zhdanova (2001) Словарь нганасанско-русский и русско-нганасанский, St. Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN, page 134

[4] Olesya Khanina, Andrey Shluinsky (2023) Forest and Tundra Enets‎^[2], →DOI, →ISBN, pages 827, 828

[5] M. Y. Barmich, I. A. Vello (2002) Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий (лесной диалект), Просвещение, →ISBN, page 94

[6] N. M. Tereschenko (2005) Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий, 3rd edition, Saint Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN, page 80

[7] T. Janurik (2023) “A protoszölkup nyelvállapot és fejleményei. Elektronikus kézirat.”, in Szamojéd Tudástár‎^[3] (in Hungarian), page 16

[8] O. A. Kazakevich, Ye. M. Budyanskaya (2010) Диалектологический словарь селькупского языка (северное наречие) [Dialectological dictionary of the Selkup language (Northern continuum)], Yekaterinburg: Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the RAS; Баско, →ISBN, page 89, 92 of 368

[9] I. A. Korobeynikova (2020) Родное слово [Native word], Tomsk: Аграф-Пресс; Вайар, →ISBN, page 87, 42 of 240

[10] G. Yu. Kostyuchenko (2023) Тюйкуй Йэжиссан – Селькупский словарь для остяков Молчановского района [Tjuykuy Yezhissan – Selkup dictionary for Molchanovo district Selkup people], Molchanovo, page 57, 103 of 109

[11] Donner, Kai R. (1944) Kamassisches Wörterbuch nebst Sprachproben und Hauptzügen der Grammatik‎^[4], Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 5

[12] T. Janurik (2021) Kojbál szótár: a publikált szójegyzékek egyesített szótára.‎^[5] (in Hungarian), Székesfehérvár, pages 29, 57

[13] E. Helimski (1997) N. Beáta, editor, Die Matorische Sprache‎^[6] (in German), Szeged: JATE Finnugor Tanszék, →ISBN, page 203

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