Reconstruction:Proto-Norse/ᚹᚢᚱᚲᛁᛃᚨᚾ

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This Proto-Norse entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Norse

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ǵyéti,

Verb

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*ᚹᚢᚱᚲᛁᛃᚨᚾ (*wurkijan)

  1. to work, compose
    • c. 200–400, Tune stone[1]
      ᛖᚲᚹᛁᚹᚨᛉᚨᚠᛏᛖᚱ᛫ᚹᛟᛞᚢᚱᛁ ¶ ᛞᛖᚹᛁᛏᚨᛞᚨᚺᚨᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᚾ ᛬ ᚹᛟᚱᚨᚺᛏᛟ ᛬ ᚱ[ ] []
      ekwiwaʀafter·woduri ¶ dewitadahalaiban : worahto : r[ ] []
      /ek Wīwaʀ after Wōdurīdē witandahᵃlaiban worᵃhtō r[ūnōʀ?] [] /
      I Wīwaʀ, in memory of Wōdurīdaʀ, (my) lord, wrought the r[unes?]
    • c. 200–500, By runestone[2]
      ᛖᚲᛁᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉᚺᚱᛟᛉᛖᛉᛟᚱᛏᛖᚦᚨᚾᚨᛉᛁᚾᚨ []
      ekirilaʀhroʀaʀhroʀeʀorteþanaʀina []
      /ek irilaʀ Hrōʀaʀ Hrōʀēʀ ortē þan aʀina [] /
      I, the earl Hrōʀaʀ, son/descendant of Hrōʀaʀ, wrought this hearthstone []
    • c. 440–560, inscription on the Tjurkö 1 bracteate[3]:
      ᚹᚢᚱᛏᛖᚱᚢᚾᛟᛉᚨᚾᚹᚨᛚᚺᚨᚲᚢᚱᚾᛖ ᛫᛫ ᚺᛖᛚᛞᚨᛉᚲᚢᚾᛁᛗᚢᛞᛁᚢ ᛫᛫᛫
      wurterunoʀanwalhakurne ·· heldaʀkunimudiu ···
      /wurtē rūnōʀ · an walhakurnē,
      Heldaʀ Kunimundiu
      /
      Heldaʀ wrought the runes on the foreign/Roman grain [the gold] for Kunimunduʀ.

Conjugation

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Inscription/entry N KJ72 in the RuneS-Database of the research project "Runic Writing in the Germanic Languages (RuneS)" of Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 2024.
  2. ^ Inscription/entry N KJ71 in the RuneS-Database of the research project "Runic Writing in the Germanic Languages (RuneS)" of Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 2024.
  3. ^ Inscription/entry IK 184 in the RuneS-Database of the research project "Runic Writing in the Germanic Languages (RuneS)" of Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 2024.