Reconstruction:Proto-Nakh/ʕe

This Proto-Nakh entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Nakh entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Nakh

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Dutch linguist Peter Schrijver, reconstructs the oblique stem *ʕanir- for the Chechen reflex (this is not confirmed by the Bats material). However, Uslar’s work contains a form in the genitive singular ԧeнерің with -e- in the second syllable:

• *ʕanariᶰ (assimilation 1) > *ʕaneriᶰ (assimilation 2) > *ʕäneriᶰ (reduction) > Chechen ӏаьнаран (ˀänaran);
• *ʕanariᶰ (syncope) > *ʕanriᶰ > Bats ჺანრიჼ (ʿanrĩ).

And the nominative plural:

• *ʕanariš (assimilation 1) > *ʕaneriš (assimilation 2) > *ʕäneriš (reduction) > Chechen ӏаьнарш (ˀänarš);
• *ʕanariš (apocope 1) > *ʕanari (refraction or i-epenthesis) > *ʕanaⁱri (apocope 2) > Bats ჺანაჲრ (ʿanayr).

It follows from this that his reconstruction is incorrect.

Noun

*ʕe (stem *ʕe-)

1. steam

Descendants

• Bats: ჺა (ʿa) (< oblique *ʕanar-)
• Vainakh:
  • Chechen: ӏаь (ˀä), ӏа (ˀa) (< oblique *ʕanar-)
  • Ingush: ӏи (ˀi)

Further reading

• Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*ʡe”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎^[2], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers