Reconstruction:Proto-Austroasiatic/gmaːʔ

This Proto-Austroasiatic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austroasiatic

Etymology

• Proto-Austroasiatic: *gmaːʔ (Sidwell, 2024, #AA036)
• Proto-Mon-Khmer: *gmaʔ (Shorto, 2006, #141)

It is unclear if Proto-Bahnaric *ʔmɨː (whence Bahnar ʼmi) is a descendant.

Noun

*gmaːʔ

1. rain

Descendants

• Munda:
  • Mundari: gama
• Aslian:
  • Semelaic:
    • Mah Meri: gəmaːh
    • Semaq Beri: gǝma
• Katuic: *maa
  • Western Katuic:
    • Eastern Bru: mia
• Khmuic: *kmaʔ (Sidwell, 2013)
  • Khmu: kmaʔ
  • O'du: kmʌj
• Mangic: (Lợi, 2008)
  • Mang: maː²
• Pearic: *gmaʔ (Headley, 1985)
  • Chong:
    • Central Chong: kama̤ʔ
    • Kasong: kʰmaː ("rain, rainbow")
  • Pear: kʰmie
• Proto-Vietic: *k-maː (Ferlus, 2007)
  • Arem: mìə
  • Chut:
    • Rục: kumə̀a²
    • Sách: kumə̀a²
  • Proto-Pong: *kmaː²
    • Liha: maː²
    • Phong: kʰmaː²
    • Toum: maː²
  • Tho:
    • Cuối Chăm: mɐː²
  • Viet-Muong:
    • Muong: mưa
    • Middle Vietnamese: 𩄎 (mưa), 湄 (mưa), 𩅹 (mưa)
      • Vietnamese: mưa

References

• Sidwell, Paul (2024) “500 Proto Austroasiatic Etyma: Version 1.0”, in Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society‎^[1], volume 17, number 1, pages i–xxxiii