Reconstruction:Proto-Kra/ɳokᴰ
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This Proto-Kra entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Kra
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”), Proto-Austronesian *manuk (“bird”).
Noun
[edit]*ɳokᴰ
Descendants
[edit]- Lachi
- Lachi (Tân Lợi): ʔa⁰ nɔ⁴⁵
- Lachi (Jinchang): ȵi⁵⁵ ȵo³¹
- Gelao
- Telue
- Gelao (Fengyan): la³³ ni³¹
- Gelao (Yueliangwan): la³³ ni²¹
- Gelao (Wantao): mə⁰ no³⁵
- Gelao (Niupo): ma³³ no³⁵
- Gelao (Judu): vu⁰ no³⁵
- Gelao (Moji): mə³¹ no²⁴
- Hakhi
- Gelao (Zhenfeng): mo⁴² naŋ⁴²
- Gelao (Sanchong): m̩⁵³ naŋ⁵³
- Qau
- Gelao (Dagouchang): ntuŋ²¹
- Gelao (Wanzi): ntau³¹
- A'ou
- Gelao (Bigong): ma⁵⁵ nu³¹
- Gelao (Hongfeng): ma⁴² lo¹³, ma⁴³ lo¹³
- Mulao: zau⁵³
- Vandu
- Red Gelao (Vietnam): ma³⁵ la³¹ ɣai³¹
- Red Gelao: ma¹³ la³¹ ɣai³¹
- Telue
- Qabiao: nuk⁴⁵, niuk⁴⁵
- Qabiao (Phó Là): nuk²
- Laha
- Laha (Ta Mit): mə²⁴ nɯk⁴²
- Laha (Noong Lay): nok²⁴
- Buyang
- Buyang (Langjia): ma⁰ nuk¹¹
- Buyang (Yalang): ɔk³¹
- Buyang (Ecun): ma⁰ ðe¹¹
- En (Nung Ven): nok⁵³
- Paha: nok¹¹
Notes
[edit]- ^ Miyake, Marc (2021). "Retroflexion or Disyllabism? A Kra Puzzle". In Kupchik, John; Alonso de la Fuente, José Andrés; Miyake, Marc Hideo; Vovin, Alexander (eds.). Studies in Asian historical linguistics, philology and beyond: festschrift presented to Alexander V. Vovin in honor of his 60th birthday. Brill. Leiden. pp. 115–136
References
[edit]- Ostapirat, Weera (2000) “Proto-Kra”, in Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area[1], volume 23, number 1, pages 1-251.
- Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.