Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/ɣwiw-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Etymology

Has been proposed to come from a Proto-Armenian *gʷi-, whence գի (gi). For the initial consonant correspondences, cf. *ɣwino-. This, however, would not explain the *w-.

Noun

*ɣwiw-

1. juniper

Descendants

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Old Georgian: ღჳვი (ɣwivi), ღჳ (ɣwi), ღჳვაჲ (ɣwivay), ღჳაჲ (ɣwiay)
    • ⇒ Georgian: ღვია (ɣvia), ღვიო (ɣvio) — Kiziqi
      • →⇒ Bats: ღვიე ხე (ɣvie xe)
      • → Mingrelian: ხვია (xvia)
• Svan: ღუ̂იუ̂ (ɣûiû)

References

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 226–227
• Fähnrich, Heinz, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: University Press, page 598
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 486
• Klimov, G. A. (1994) Древнейшие индоевропеизмы картвельских языков [The Oldest Indo-Europeanisms in Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nasledie, →ISBN, page 76―78
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 554b
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “Haykakankʻ (Armeniaca)”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 627
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 212
• Simon, Zsolt. 2023. On the Armenian – Kartvelian Loan Contacts: Words with Initial *γw-. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 76. 571–84. 10.1556/062.2023.00296.
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎^[1], PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 57