Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/se

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Pronunciation

Accent class: 1.1

Noun

*se

rapids

Descendants

Old Japanese: 瀬, 湍 (se)
- Japanese: 瀬, 湍 (se, Heian HH, Tokyo 0 [L(L)], Kyoto 0 [H(H)],^[1] Kagoshima A [F(L)]^[2])
Proto-Ryukyuan: *se (“reef; boulder”, tone class A)
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 瀬, 湍 (shī)
  - Kunigami: 瀬, 湍 (sïï /⁠ɕĭː⁠/)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 瀬, 湍 (shī)
  - Okinawan: 瀬, 湍 (shī /⁠ɕîː⁠/)
  - Okinoerabu: 瀬, 湍 (shī /⁠ɕĭː⁠/)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 瀬, 湍 (sïï /⁠ɕĭː⁠/)
  - Tokunoshima: 瀬, 湍 (shïï /⁠ɕɨ́ː⁠/) (Asama dialect)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 瀬, 湍 (shī)

References

^ “せ【瀬・湍】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 520

[KDJ2O-1] “せ【瀬・湍】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[JLTT-2] Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 520

[1]

[2]