Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/əni

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology

Possibly an ancient nativized borrowing from Old Chinese 隱 (OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns, “to hide”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Pronunciation

Proto-Japonic accent class: 2.3b^[6]

Noun

*əni

ghost
demon, ogre

Descendants

Old Japanese: 鬼 (oni)
- Japanese: 鬼 (oni)
  - → English: oni
Proto-Ryukyuan: *oni
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 鬼 (oni, uni)
  - Kunigami: 鬼 (unī)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 鬼 (umi)
  - Okinawan: 鬼 (uni)
  - Okinoerabu: 鬼 (unī)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 鬼 (unï)
  - Tokunoshima: 鬼 (unī)
  - Yoron: 鬼 (uni)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 鬼 (un)
  - Yaeyama: 鬼 (un)
  - Yonaguni: 鬼 (un)

References

^ “鬼”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^ “鬼”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 506
^ Igarashi, Yōsuke (2019) “日琉語類別語彙 [JR-COGNATES]”, in アクセント型の対応に基づいて日琉祖語を再建するための語彙リスト「日琉語類別語彙」

[KDJ2-1] “鬼”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[DDJS-2] “鬼”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[K-4] Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[JLTT-5] Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 506

[JRCog-6] Igarashi, Yōsuke (2019) “日琉語類別語彙 [JR-COGNATES]”, in アクセント型の対応に基づいて日琉祖語を再建するための語彙リスト「日琉語類別語彙」

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