Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/xšáfš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

PIE word
*kʷséps

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáps.

Noun

*xšáfš f

1. night

Derived terms

• *xšápīkah (“of night; night shirt”)
  • Kurdish:

    Southern Kurdish: شەۊ (şeẅ, “shirt”)

  • Middle Persian: (“undershirt”)

    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (špyk' /⁠šabīg⁠/)

    • Classical Persian: شبی (šabī, “nightshirt”)
    • Kurdish:

      → Northern Kurdish: şepik (šapīk)

    • → Old Armenian: շապիկ (šapik, “shirt”)
      • Armenian: շապիկ (šapik, “shirt”)
        • Kurdish:

          → Northern Kurdish: şapik (šāpīk)

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬑𐬴𐬀𐬞 (xṣ̌ap)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian: *xšapā
    • Proto-Sarmatian: *xsaβa
      • Alanic: *æxsævæ
        • Ossetian:

          Iron Ossetian: ӕхсӕвӕ (æxsævæ)

          Digor Ossetian: ӕхсӕв (æxsæv)

    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (ṣṣavā)
      • Wakhi: šāp
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian: χαβ (xab /⁠xav⁠/)
    • Khwarezmian: 𐾰𐾹𐾺𐾲 (ʾxyβ), 𐾹𐾲 (xβ)
    • Proto-Sogdic: *xšapā
      • Sogdian: (/⁠ᵊxšəpá⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫟𐫢𐫛𐫀 (ʾxšpʾ), 𐫀𐫟𐫢𐫛𐫀𐫍 (ʾxšpʾh), 𐫟𐫢𐫛𐫀 (xšpʾ)

        Sogdian script: 𐼰𐼲𐽁𐼾𐼳 (ʾɣšph)

        Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼄𐼙𐼔𐼆 (ʾɣšph)

        Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (xšpʾ)

      • Yagnobi: хишап (xⁱšáp)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri:

    Kaniguram: [script needed] (x̌o)

    Logar: [script needed] (šyo), [script needed] (šyu)

  • Proto-Pathan: *špa
    • Pashto: شپه (špa)
    • Waneci: شپه (špa)
  • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *xšǣbǣ
    • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
      • Munji: خشوه (xšava)
      • Yidgha: خشوو (xᵊšovo, xᵊšōvo)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *ṣ̌ǣb
      • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *x̌öb
        • Shughni: х̌а̄б (x̌āb)
        • Sarikoli: x̌ob
      • Yazghulami: шāб (šāb)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: شپ (šap)
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: شەو (şew)

    Northern Kurdish: şev

    Southern Kurdish: شەو (şew)

    Laki: شو (šiw)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *xšápā
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: شب (šəb)
      • Old Mazanderani: شو (šaw ~ šu)
        • Mazanderani: شو (šo)
    • Komisenian:
      • Sangisari: شو (šow)
    • Old Median: *xšápā
      • Middle Median: *šáb
        • Kermanic:

          Abyanehi, Abuzeydabadi, Mahallati, Naraqi, Qalhari, Qohrudi: sōw

          Badrudi, Farizandi, Hanjani: sou

          Kashani, Kesehi: šev

          Kashani: šau

          Jowshaqani, Komjani, Tarehi, Yarandi: sāv

          Meymehi: sō

        • Proto-Tatic:
          • Old Azari: شو (šaw)
            • Harzani: شو (šav)
            • Karingani: شو (šav)
          • Talysh: (/⁠šav⁠/)

            Arabic script: شو

            Latin script: şəv

            Cyrillic script: шəв

    • Parthian: (/⁠šab⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫁 (šb)

    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: شه‌وه (šawa)
      • Zazaki: şewe (šawa)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Bashkardi:

    Bandari: [script needed] (šü)

  • Kumzari: [script needed] (šaw)
  • Larestani: [script needed] (šow/šaw)
  • Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎱 (x-š-p /⁠xšapa⁠/)
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠šab⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫁 (šb)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (LYLYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (šp)

      Psalter Pahlavi script: [Psalter Pahlavi needed] (LYLYA)

      Pazend script: 𐬱𐬀𐬬 (šav)

      • Classical Persian: شب (šab)

        Dari: شب (šab)

        Iranian Persian: شب (šab)

        Tajik: шаб (šab)

        Tat: [script needed] (šøÿ)

      • Lurish:

        Northern Luri: شۉ (šow)

        • Silakhori: شۋ (šü)

        Bakhtiari: شۉ (šaw)

        Southern Luri: شۉ (šow)