Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cyaHwáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHwás.

Adjective

*cyaHwáh

1. black-brown, dark brown, dark

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Old Ossetic:

      Sarmatian: Σαυρομάτοι (Sauromátoi)

      • Ossetian: сау (saw)
    • Proto-Saka:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (śāva)
      • Wakhi: [script needed] (šыw)
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (sʾw /⁠sāw⁠/)
    • Proto-Sogdic:
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (šʾw), [script needed] (šw /⁠šāw⁠/)
      • Yagnobi: šōw
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (ṣ̌u), [script needed] (su)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *siyāwə́h
    • Parthian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫏𐫀𐫇 (syʾw /⁠syāw⁠/)

      • → Old Armenian: սեաւ (seaw) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Middle Persian:

        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫏𐫀𐫇 (syʾw /⁠syāw⁠/)

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (sydʾ /⁠syā⁠/)

        • Classical Persian: سیاه (siyāh)

          Hazaragi: [script needed] (siyā), [script needed] (siyō)

          Iranian Persian: سیاه (siyâh)

          Tajik: сиёҳ (siyoh)

          • → Crimean Tatar: siya
          • → Turkish: siyah
    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: سیاۋ(ە) (siyāʋ(a))
      • Zazaki: sya (syā)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: [script needed] (*šyāva) ~ [script needed] (*θyāva)
    • → Elamite: 𒅆𒅀𒈠 (ši-ia-ma), 𒋾𒅀𒈠 (ti-ia-ma)
    • Lurish:
      • Northern Luri: سؽ (sê)

        Nahavandi: سی (si)

        Balagariveh: سیاْ (sya)

      • Bakhtiari: ساْ (sa)
      • Southern Luri: سهو (seho)
    • → Old Georgian: შავი (šavi)