Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cárguš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárguš (“predatory animal”).

Noun

*cárguš m

1. lion

Descendants

• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Khotanese: 𑀲𑀭𑁅 (sarau)
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Khwarezmian: [Term?] (/⁠sarɣ⁠/)

      Arabic script: سرغ

      Khwarezmian script: 𐾿𐿂𐾳 (srɣ)

    • Sogdian: (/⁠šar(u)ɣ⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫡𐫇𐫄 (šrwɣ)

      Old Sogdian script: 𐼙𐼘𐼄𐼇 (šrɣw)

• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: شێر (şêr)

    Northern Kurdish: şêr

    Southern Kurdish: شێر (şêr)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: شیر (šīr)
      • Old Mazanderani: شیر (šēr)
        • Mazanderani: شیر (šīr)
    • Old Median:
      • Kermanic:
        • Kermani, Zoroastrian Dari: شیر (šīr)
      • Old Azari: شیر (šēr~šīr)
        • → Azerbaijani: (/⁠šīr⁠/)

          Arabic script: شیر

          Latin script: şir

    • Parthian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫃𐫡 (šgr /⁠šaɣr⁠/)

    • Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: شێر (şêr)
      • Zazaki: şêr
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *šarguš
    • Early Middle Persian: (/⁠šagr⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫃𐫡 (šgr)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (šgr)

      • Late Middle Persian:

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (šyr /⁠šēr⁠/)

        • Classical Persian: شیر (šêr)
          • Dari: شیر (šêr)
          • Iranian Persian: شیر (šîr)
          • Tajik: шер (šer)
          • → Baluchi: شیر (šēr)
          • → Hindustani:
            • Hindi: शेर (śer)
            • Urdu: شیر (śer)
          • → Pashto: شېر (šēr)
          • → Turkic: /šēr ~ šīr/
            • → Ottoman Turkish: شیر (şîr)
              • Turkish: şir
            • → Turkmen: şir (šīr)
            • → Uzbek: sher (šēr) (via Tajiki dialect)
        • →? Old Chinese: 師 (OC *sri, “lion”)