Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/tŕ̥nam

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tŕ̥nom, nominalization of *tr̥nós (“sharp, stiff”), from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).

Noun

*tŕ̥nam n

1. blade of grass
2. grass
3. thorn

Declension

neuter a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tŕ̥nam	*tŕ̥nay	*tŕ̥naH
vocative	*tŕ̥nam	*tŕ̥nay	*tŕ̥naH
accusative	*tŕ̥nam	*tŕ̥nay	*tŕ̥naH
instrumental	*tŕ̥nā	*tŕ̥naybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*tŕ̥nāyš
ablative	*tŕ̥nāt	*tŕ̥naybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*tŕ̥naybʰyas
dative	*tŕ̥nāy	*tŕ̥naybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*tŕ̥naybʰyas
genitive	*tŕ̥nasya	*tŕ̥nayās	*tŕ̥nāna(H)m
locative	*tŕ̥nay	*tŕ̥nayaw	*tŕ̥nayšu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tŕ̥nam (“grass”)
  • Sanskrit: तृण (tṛ́ṇa)
    • Dardic:
      • ⇒ Kashmiri: ٹنکا (tinka)
      • Northwest Pashayi: ٹرین (trīn)
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ތިނަ (tina)
      • Sinhalese: තණ (taṇa)
    • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀢𑀡 (taṇa), 𑀢𑀺𑀡 (tiṇa)
      • ⇒ Bengali: তিনকা (tinoka, “morsel”)
      • ⇒ Bihari: तिनका (tinkā, “piece of leaf fiber”)
        • Maithili: तनिक (tanik)
      • Odia: ଟିଣା (ṭiṇā)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀡 (taṇa), 𑀢𑀺𑀡 (tiṇa)
      • Konkani: तण (taṇ)
      • Marathi: तण (taṇ)
    • Pali: tiṇa
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀢𑀡 (taṇa), 𑀢𑀺𑀡 (tiṇa)
      • ⇒ Garhwali: तिण्कु (tiṇku)
      • Gujarati: તરણ (taraṇ), ત્રણું (traṇũ)
      • ⇒ Hindi: तिनका (tinkā)
      • Kumaoni: तिण (tiṇ)
      • ⇒ Nepali: तेन्द्रो (tendro), त्यान्द्रो (tyāndro)
      • Punjabi: ਤਿਣ (tiṇ), ਤਿਣਾ (tiṇā, “piece of leaf”)
      • Romani: ćar
• Proto-Nuristani: *tr̥ná (“thorn”)
  • Northern Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri:

      Kamviri: taňí

      Kativiri: taí